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While technology is improving every day, it does fail sometimes. Frequently backing up essential data is extremely important. Please see the instructions below for your [[operating system]] and backup method.
==Windows - Backing up to CD==
===Where is My Data?===
On a windows machine data specific to each user is stored in the User Profile.  Typically every user has their own profile.  In the Windows XP operating system user profiles are stored in the C:\Documents and Settings directory.  Inside this directory are all the files specific to you, including My Documents, My Pictures  and My Music.
===Backing Up to CD or DVD===
[[Image:Open_writable_CD.jpg|120px|right]]Not all computers on campus have DVD burners, but nearly all have CD burners.  If your campus owned machine is without a CD burner, please contact the Technology Helpline and request to have one installed.

'''Steps for Backing up to CD or DVD''' 
#Insert a blank CD or DVD into the drive on your computer.
#You will be prompted with a window asking you what you want to do.
#Select '''Open writable CD folder using Windows Explorer'''.
#Navigate to C:\Documents and Settings\username and click and drag any folders you would like to back up to the D:\ window.  If you are backing up user information for web browsers, you will want to delete any cache files first.  Different application settings are found in different locations in the user profile. [[Image:Write_to_CD.jpg|right|120px]]
#When you are ready to burn the CD, click the '''Write these files to CD option'''.


===Formatting CDRWs With Nero InCD===

Before you can use SmartBackup to backup your data to CDRWs, they must be formatted. Note, you cannot use CDR's with InCD, just CDRW's.

* Insert a blank CDRW into your CDRW drive.
* [[Double click]] on My Computer.
* [[Right click]] on your CDRW drive and select InCD format.
* Give your CDRW a name in the Label field (note, if you need to backup to multiple CDRWs, they must have unique names).
* Click "Start". InCD will now format your CDRW.
* When you are returned to the InCD format utility window, click on Eject CD
* You may be given options on how you want to access the CDRW. Select Leave As Is and click OK.
* Close the InCD format utility window. 

=== Setting Backup Criteria ===

With SmartBackup, you can setup and save backup criteria.

* Open SmartBackup by double-clicking on the SmartBackup [[tray icon]] (see figure 1).
* Click on "Create Backup".
* On the General tab, specify a name for your backup in the Name field.
* Click on the [[icon]] next to the Destination Path field
* Select your CDRW (see figure 2).
* On the Refreshes and Other Settings tab, check "Enable Automatic Refresh" to schedule a regular backup.
* Set the frequency you desire.
* Check "Activate Spanning on Multiple Disks".
* Click "Next".
* Select the files and folders you want to backup. For example, to backup your MyLocalData folder, click on the box next to MyLocalData.
* Click "Next" to save the criteria and run the backup now, or click Save and Exit to save the criteria.

=== Running a backup ===

A scheduled backup will run with the saved criteria you specified. You will be prompted to insert your backup CD. Note that if your backup is larger than one CD, you will be prompted to insert subsequent disks (CDs.)

You can also run a saved backup manually at any time

* Open SmartBackup by double clicking on the SmartBackup tray icon (see figure 1).
* Click "Maintain Backup".
* Select the backup you wish to run.
* Click "Refresh".

=== Restoring from backup ===

To restore files from your backup CD

* Open SmartBackup by double clicking on the SmartBackup tray icon (see figure 1).
* Click "Maintain Backup".
* Select the backup you wish to restore from.
* Click "Restore".
* Select the files or folders you wish to restore.
* Click "Finish".

==Macintosh - Backup==
===Where is My Data===
On a Apple Macintosh computer running OS X data specific to each user is stored in their home directory. Typically every user has their own home directory that may be located by navigating to '''Macintosh HD / Users / username'''.  Inside this directory are all the files specific to you, including Desktop, Documents, Movies, Music, Pictures and Library (a.k.a. settings).

===Using a Hard Drive and Time Machine (Recommended)===
Backing up with Time Machine is the easiest way to be able to backup and restore your Apple computer.  To use Time Machine you must be running [http://www.apple.com/macosx/ OS X 10.5 Leopard] and have an extra blank hard drive - this can be internal or external to your computer.  
More information about Time Machine can be found at [http://www.apple.com/macosx/features/timemachine.html Apple's webiste]  If you need to be upgraded for Time Machine please contact [mailto:helpline@gac.edu Technology Services] x6111.

====Preparing Your Hard Drive====
#Connect your extra hard drive.  It should show up on the desktop.  
#To gain the most performance you should format your hard drive with '''Disk Utility'''.  Open Disk Utility by navigating to '''Macintosh HD / Applications / Utilites / Disk Utility'''
##Select your extra hard drive in the left hand column.  Make sure you select the correct one!
##You may see two ''parts'' to your extra drive.  Click the top most ''part''.
##Click the '''Erase''' tab on the right.
##Volume format should be '''Mac OS Extended (Journaled)'''.
##Name the hard drive something that differentiates it as a backup drive such as ''Backup_Drive''.
##Click '''Erase'''. 
##After a few moments the process will complete.  Quit '''Disk Utility'''

[[Image:DiskUtility.png]]

====Enabling Time Machine and Backing Up====
#Navigate to '''Apple Menu / System Preferences / Time Machine'''.  
##Click '''Change Disk''' and select your newly formatted backup drive.
##Click '''Options''' to exclude any folders.  If your extra hard drive is large enough just backup the entire thing.  This is most effective when recovered from a crash.  Otherwise exclude folders you do not want.  
#Turn on '''Time Machine''' by clicking the '''On''' switch.
#Backups will begin and be automatic as long as the hard drive is connected.  You do not have to worry about scheduling.  By default Time Machine will make incremental backups every hour, every week and every month.  Let it do the math.

[[Image:timemachinepanel.png]]

====Restoring Files From a Time Machine Backup====
#Make sure you extra drive is connected and turned on.  
#Click the '''Time Machine''' icon in the dock or in '''Macintosh HD / Applications'''
#Scroll through to the dates and times or choose a specific one on the right hand side of the '''Time Machine''' window.  
#Navigate to and click on the file you want to restore.
#Click the Restore button.

[[Image:timemachine.png]]

===Backing up to CD/DVD with DMGConverter===
If you just want to backup a smaller amount of files and do not have an external hard drive you can use a free program called [http://sunsky3s.s41.xrea.com/dmgconverter/index.html DMGConverter].
DMGConverter will enable you to burn on to CD or DVD fairly easily, but requires a few more steps than the [[How_to_backup_your_data#Using a Hard Drive and Time Machine (Recommended)|Time Machine]] method.
The '''DMGConverter''' method is a great way archive movie projects to media.  '''Before beginning this process makes sure you have ample space to make a copy of your files on your computer.  This will not work if you are already out of space!'''
====Download and Install DMGConverter====
#Download [http://sunsky3s.s41.xrea.com/dmgconverter/index.html DMG Converter] from the manufacture's website.
#After download completes double-click the downloaded '''.dmg''' file.  It will mount on your desktop as an ''install disk'' on your desktop.
#Double-click the ''install disk'' to open it and drag '''DMGConverter''' to '''Macintosh HD / Applications'''.
#For quick access you can choose to drag this application to your '''dock'''.

====Open and Set Default Settings====
#Double-click '''DMGConverter''' to open it.
#Click the '''Preferences''' button.
#Under the '''New Image''' tab make the '''Partitions''' be '''Single Partition - CD/DVD'''
#If you are backing up to CD set the '''Segment Size''' to be '''650 MB''' under the '''Segment''' tab.
#If you are backing up to DVD set the '''Segment Size''' to be '''4.2 GB''' under the '''Segment''' tab.

[[Image:dmgconverterprefs.png]]

====Initial Backup on Single Disk Image====
#Locate the files or folders you want to backup.  
#Make sure to click the '''New Image from Folder''' tab in the '''DMGConverter''' application.
#Drag the folder you wish to backup on top of the '''DMGConverter''' window.
#'''DMGConverter''' will create a compressed disk image file out of your folder in the location you choose.  A disk image is basically a container to hold you data.

[[Image:dmgconverter.png]]

====Segmenting the Disk Image to Fit on CD or DVD====
If your initial backup is to big to fit on one CD or DVD it will need to be segmented.  You can find out the size of your backup by clicking on it and navigating to '''File / Get Info'''..  The size will be displayed in '''MB''' or '''GB'''. Refer to the [[How_to_backup_your_data#Open and Set Default Settings|Open and Set Default Settings]] section to find out what size is right for you.
#If you still need to segment the backup into smaller sizes, click the '''Segment''' tab at the top of the '''DMGConverter''' window.  
#Ensure the segment size is correct for the type of media you will be burning on (650 MB for CD or 4.2 GB for DVD).
#Drag the disk image '''(.dmg)''' file that was created earlier onto the '''DMGConverter''' window. 
#The file will be split into segments.

[[Image:dmgconvetersegment.png]]

====Burning====
#Insert a blank CD or DVD into the optical drive on your computer.  
#When prompted select '''Open Finder''' and click '''OK'''.
#Drag a single disk image onto the CD or DVD.
#Drag the CD or DVD to the trash (this will turn into the burn icon)
#Provide a name when prompted and click '''Burn'''
#Repeat this process for each segment you need to backup.

[[Image:insertcd.png.png]]

====Restoring From a Backup====
#Insert each CD or DVD and copy the disk image file off off of it into the desired location.
#Repeat with all CD's or DVD's until all the segmented parts are in one location.
#Double-click the main '''.dmg''' file.  This file will not end in the word '''part'''. 
#If all pieces are present and in the same location the disk image file will mount on the desktop like an extra hard drive.  
#To view the contents of a file double-click it to oopen it.  
#The disk image is read only so if you want to edit the file or files you will have to copy them to your desktop.

{{Tech help}}

[[Category:Tutorials]]